2018年6月4日月曜日

Division by Zero in philosophy

2018年06月04日(月)NEW !
テーマ：数学

Division by Zero in philosophy

We all studied at school, we all studied mathematics, physics and other subjects. We grew up; we had some personal preferences in our further development. Someone began to develop a creative mind, someone with an analytical mind. Who then fell in love with philosophy or psychology...it does not matter. My opinion in a person should contain all the knowledge, even if hidden under the crust.

The issue of division by Zero is very relevant for me and does not pass a single day so that I do not reflect on this, but in principle, in time, as you know, when you think about something and analyze all kinds of situations, thoughts are formed into a single opinion, cutting all options who were on the path to knowledge or truth.

If we allow the operation of division by zero, then we get that an infinite set of numbers are equal, so that zero is not divisible at all...

And in fact, if we have any two numbers, X and Y, and we can divide by zero:

0 = 0
0 * x = 0 * y
divide by 0, and in the end we get a = b

Thus we arrive at the "proof" that 2 + 2 = n. (where n is an arbitrary number)

0 = 0
(2 + 2) * 0 = n * 0
divide by 0, and we get 2 + 2 = n

And consequently, there is no such number that would not contradict the elementary laws of mathematics. In fact, I'm very negative about mathematicians. Their accuracy, their steadfastness, goes out in the majority beyond the bounds of decency and understanding of the worldview. They love to deduce theorems and axioms proving what we can not understand being in harmony with nature, after all, with the universe.

In no event do I reproach them. They do their job and do it right! Their work is a very realistic computer game. In which there are algorithms of movement and actions of heroes and monsters of this game. But you must agree, you never go beyond this mathematical description. To go beyond, you have to break the incredibly large number of "laws of the game" all you are given is following the algorithms.

Physicists on this side, more to my liking, for them every mathematical formula should be clearly and combined with the nature of our surroundings. Million of measurements invented by mathematicians must be necessarily thought out and proven that it is Yes! - They are right. Indeed the meaning is in millions of dimensions and they are combined not only with coefficients but also with simple logic, feelings in the end.

A little bit moved away from the topic: Division into Zero - you can not shout mathematics. They do not find meaning in it and completely reject the existence of this operation. As a small child, they say - you can not! Hence it is impossible. There is nothing more to explain!

But judging by all mathematicians, it did not suit, probably very much they do not like when something does not work out. Introduction to mathematical analysis in the initial courses of technical specialties This question is considered in a completely different context.

They proposed to divide by an infinitely small value, with this operation, in the end, the infinite huge value is obtained, so everything is quite simple. But the connection of infinitesimal (0/0) decided to call uncertainty. For two given quantities, this uncertainty can even be revealed using L'Hospital's rule (calculating the derivative of the numerator and denominator, often repeatedly). To understand it is necessary to look more thoughtfully special literature. But these actions, our mathematicians decided to consider concerning the limit, and actually in itself is not related to the division by zero. A very small value tending to infinity? It's not zero, but infinitely near near zero, very very close, but not crossing Zero ever.

Well, a god with her with this math and physics. Our world is ambivalent, we all suffer from dualism, these constant doubts, these variants of options, Good/evil, yes/no, black/white, red/green (negative color rendering). In programming 0/1, these figures build everything that surrounds us technically, and computers and music and television. Everything is changing, but the basis of duality is not lost.

But no one thinks about what is at the breaking point of these two opposites. No one could find this Nothing. Even the Golden Mean is not in the middle of two imaginary segments of one straight line.

By destroying the magnet with opposite poles (north/south), we get two magnets with such poles (north/south). A kind of cellular division.

But Zero what it is? A turning point? The absence of all that exists, like a precipice of Nowhere between a small ferry?

By dividing to Zero, we reject the single plan of any Creator (not important). Nothing has arisen from where nothing will go nowhere. Do not divide by Zero!

Long live the law of conservation of energy!http://scalar.usc.edu/works/in-delph-philosophy/division-by-zero-in-philosophy

ゼロ除算の発見は日本です：

∞？？？

∞は定まった数ではない・

人工知能はゼロ除算ができるでしょうか：

とても興味深く読みました：

ゼロ除算の発見と重要性を指摘した：日本、再生核研究所

ゼロ除算関係論文・本

https://ameblo.jp/syoshinoris/entry-12370797278.html

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\begin{document}

\title{\bf Announcement 409: Various Publication Projects on the Division by Zero\\

(2018.1.29.)}

\author{{\it Institute of Reproducing Kernels}\\

Kawauchi-cho, 5-1648-16,\\

Kiryu 376-0041, Japan\\

}

\date{\today}

\maketitle

The Institute of Reproducing Kernels is dealing with the theory of division by zero calculus and declares that the division by zero was discovered as $0/0=1/0=z/0=0$ in a natural sense on 2014.2.2. The result shows a new basic idea on the universe and space since Aristoteles (BC384 - BC322) and Euclid (BC 3 Century - ), and the division by zero is since Brahmagupta (598 - 668 ?).

In particular, Brahmagupta defined as $0/0=0$ in Brhmasphuasiddhnta (628), however, our world history stated that his definition $0/0=0$ is wrong over 1300 years, but, we showed that his definition is suitable.

For the details, see the references and the site: http://okmr.yamatoblog.net/

We wrote two global book manuscripts \cite{s18} with 154 pages and \cite{so18} with many figures for some general people. Their main points are:

\begin{itemize}

\item The division by zero and division by zero calculus are new elementary and fundamental mathematics in the undergraduate level.

\item They introduce a new space since Aristoteles (BC384 - BC322) and Euclid (BC 3 Century - ) with many exciting new phenomena and properties with general interest, not specialized and difficult topics. However, their properties are mysterious and very attractive.

\item The contents are very elementary, however very exciting with general interest.

\item The contents give great impacts to our basic ideas on the universe and human beings.

\end{itemize}

Meanwhile, the representations of the contents are very important and delicate with delicate feelings to the division by zero with a long and mysterious history. Therefore, we hope the representations of the division by zero as follows:

\begin{itemize}

\item

Various book publications by many native languages and with the author's idea and feelings.

\item

Some publications are like arts and some comic style books with pictures.

\item

Some T shirts design, some pictures, monument design may be considered.

\end{itemize}

The authors above may be expected to contribute to our culture, education, common communications and enjoyments.

\medskip

For the people having the interest on the above projects, we will send our book sources with many figure files.

\medskip

How will be our project introducing our new world since Euclid?

\medskip

Of course, as mathematicians we have to publish new books on

\medskip

Calculus, Differential Equations and Complex Analysis, at least and soon, in order to {\bf correct them} in some complete and beautiful ways.

\medskip

Our topics will be interested in over 1000 millions people over the world on the world history.

\bibliographystyle{plain}

\begin{thebibliography}{10}

\bibitem{kmsy}

M. Kuroda, H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh, and M. Yamane,

New meanings of the division by zero and interpretations on $100/0=0$ and on $0/0=0$,

Int. J. Appl. Math. {\bf 27} (2014), no 2, pp. 191-198, DOI: 10.12732/ijam.v27i2.9.

\bibitem{ms16}

T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh,

Matrices and division by zero $z/0=0$,

Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory, {\bf 6}(2016), 51-58

Published Online June 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/alamt

\\ http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/alamt.2016.62007.

\bibitem{ms18}

T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh,

Division by zero calculus and singular integrals. (Submitted for publication)

\bibitem{mms18}

T. Matsuura, H. Michiwaki and S. Saitoh,

$\log 0= \log \infty =0$ and applications. Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics.

\bibitem{msy}

H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh and M.Yamada,

Reality of the division by zero $z/0=0$. IJAPM International J. of Applied Physics and Math. {\bf 6}(2015), 1--8. http://www.ijapm.org/show-63-504-1.html

\bibitem{mos}

H. Michiwaki, H. Okumura and S. Saitoh,

Division by Zero $z/0 = 0$ in Euclidean Spaces,

International Journal of Mathematics and Computation, {\bf 2}8(2017); Issue 1, 2017), 1-16.

\bibitem{osm}

H. Okumura, S. Saitoh and T. Matsuura, Relations of $0$ and $\infty$,

Journal of Technology and Social Science (JTSS), {\bf 1}(2017), 70-77.

\bibitem{os}

H. Okumura and S. Saitoh, The Descartes circles theorem and division by zero calculus. https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.04961 (2017.11.14).

\bibitem{o}

H. Okumura, Wasan geometry with the division by 0. https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.06947 International Journal of Geometry.

\bibitem{os18}

H. Okumura and S. Saitoh,

Applications of the division by zero calculus to Wasan geometry.

(Submitted for publication).

\bibitem{ps18}

S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh,

Division by zero calculus and differential equations. Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics.

\bibitem{romig}

H. G. Romig, Discussions: Early History of Division by Zero,

American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. {\bf 3}1, No. 8. (Oct., 1924), pp. 387-389.

\bibitem{s14}

S. Saitoh, Generalized inversions of Hadamard and tensor products for matrices, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory. {\bf 4} (2014), no. 2, 87--95. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ALAMT/

\bibitem{s16}

S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications,

Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications - Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182. (Springer) .

\bibitem{s17}

S. Saitoh, Mysterious Properties of the Point at Infinity, arXiv:1712.09467 [math.GM](2017.12.17).

\bibitem{s18}

S. Saitoh, Division by zero calculus (154 pages: draft): http//okmr.yamatoblog.net/

\bibitem{so18}

S. Saitoh and H. Okumura, Division by Zero Calculus in Figures -- Our New Space --

\bibitem{ttk}

S.-E. Takahasi, M. Tsukada and Y. Kobayashi, Classification of continuous fractional binary operations on the real and complex fields, Tokyo Journal of Mathematics, {\bf 38}(2015), no. 2, 369-380.

\end{thebibliography}

\end{document}

List of division by zero:

\bibitem{os18}

H. Okumura and S. Saitoh,

Remarks for The Twin Circles of Archimedes in a Skewed Arbelos by H. Okumura and M. Watanabe, Forum Geometricorum.

Saburou Saitoh, Mysterious Properties of the Point at Infinity、
arXiv:1712.09467 [math.GM]

Hiroshi Okumura and Saburou Saitoh

The Descartes circles theorem and division by zero calculus.　２０１７．１１．１４

https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.04961

L. P. Castro and S. Saitoh, Fractional functions and their representations, Complex Anal. Oper. Theory {\bf7} (2013), no. 4, 1049-1063.

M. Kuroda, H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh, and M. Yamane,

New meanings of the division by zero and interpretations on $100/0=0$ and on $0/0=0$,　Int. J. Appl. Math. {\bf 27} (2014), no 2, pp. 191-198, DOI: 10.12732/ijam.v27i2.9.

T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh,

Matrices and division by zero　z/0=0,

Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory, 2016, 6, 51-58

Published Online June 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/alamt

\\ http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/alamt.2016.62007.

T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh,

Division by zero calculus and singular integrals. (Submitted for publication).

T. Matsuura, H. Michiwaki and S. Saitoh,

$\log 0= \log \infty =0$ and applications. (Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics.)

H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh and M.Yamada,

Reality of the division by zero $z/0=0$. IJAPM International J. of Applied Physics and Math. 6(2015), 1--8. http://www.ijapm.org/show-63-504-1.html

H. Michiwaki, H. Okumura and S. Saitoh,

Division by Zero $z/0 = 0$ in Euclidean Spaces,

International Journal of Mathematics and Computation, 28(2017); Issue 1, 2017), 1-16.

H. Okumura, S. Saitoh and T. Matsuura, Relations of $0$ and $\infty$,

Journal of Technology and Social Science (JTSS), 1(2017), 70-77.

S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh,

Division by zero calculus and differential equations. (Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics).

S. Saitoh, Generalized inversions of Hadamard and tensor products for matrices, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory. {\bf 4} (2014), no. 2, 87--95. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ALAMT/

S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications,

再生核研究所声明371（2017.6.27）ゼロ除算の講演―　国際会議　https://sites.google.com/site/sandrapinelas/icddea-2017　報告

https://ameblo.jp/syoshinoris/entry-12287338180.html

1/0=0、0/0=0、z/0=0

http://ameblo.jp/syoshinoris/entry-12276045402.html

1/0=0、0/0=0、z/0=0

http://ameblo.jp/syoshinoris/entry-12263708422.html

1/0=0、0/0=0、z/0=0

http://ameblo.jp/syoshinoris/entry-12272721615.html

ソクラテス・プラトン・アリストテレス　その他

https://ameblo.jp/syoshinoris/entry-12328488611.html

アインシュタインも解決できなかった「ゼロで割る」問題

http://matome.naver.jp/odai/2135710882669605901

Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.

https://notevenpast.org/dividing-nothing/

私は数学を信じない。　アルバート・アインシュタイン / I don't believe in mathematics. Albert Einstein→ゼロ除算ができなかったからではないでしょうか。

ドキュメンタリー 2017: 神の数式第２回宇宙はなぜ生まれたのか

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQld9cnDli4

〔NHKスペシャル〕神の数式完全版第3回宇宙はなぜ始まったのか

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvyAB8yTSjs&t=3318s

〔NHKスペシャル〕神の数式完全版第1回この世は何からできているのか

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KjvFdzhn7Dc

NHKスペシャル神の数式完全版第4回異次元宇宙は存在するか

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fWVv9puoTSs

再生核研究所声明 411(2018.02.02): 　ゼロ除算発見4周年を迎えて

https://ameblo.jp/syoshinoris/entry-12348847166.html

ゼロ除算の論文

Mysterious Properties of the Point at Infinity

https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.09467

Algebraic division by zero implemented as quasigeometric multiplication by infinity in real and complex multispatial hyperspaces
Author: Jakub Czajko, 92(2) (2018) 171-197

WSN 92(2) (2018) 171-197